The Shuttle program rolls to a close – now what?: one scientist remembers his ...
I don’t remember what grade, or which astronaut spoke, or even what he said. I’ve never been one to remember details like that. But one image from that meeting stuck with me. The astronaut held one of the tiles that line the bottom of the space shuttle in one hand and a blow torch in the other. Then he held the flame against the tile until it turned bright red while still holding the tile. To me, that was magic.The next real memory I have is the same one everyone has: The Challenger exploded, I didn’t really believe it at first. I heard about it while in class in high school and thought it was some kind of bad joke. It was only after I got home and watched it on the news that I started to believe it was real. That probably explains why I don’t remember much else about the event. It didn’t fit into my view of reality. In my world, the Shuttle simply doesn’t blow up.
Several years later, when it came time for choosing a university, I only really had a couple of priorities, and both of them involved improving my chances at becoming an astronaut. 1) It had to be a top-notch aerospace engineering school. 2) There had to be a military component, either ROTC or an Academy, because about half of the astronauts at the time were in the military.
That pretty much narrowed it down to a handful of schools and the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs was at the top of my list. I actually got pretty far in the selection process, despite moving from Kansas to Hawaii just before my senior year. I believe I was a fifth or sixth alternate. Meaning five or six people had to decide not to go and I’d be in. Apparently, no one decided not to go. I didn’t get a single ROTC scholarship either.
I’ve often wondered what I’d be like if I’d gone the military route. I’d certainly be different from who I am now. But despite my extreme disappointment, the gods seemed to know what they were doing because next on my list was the University of Colorado at Boulder. And that’s where I ended up going.
Within a few weeks of showing up I met Dr. Marvin Luttges . And suddenly, as the cliché goes, nothing was ever the same again.
Marv was absolutely nothing like any about. He studied dragonflies and neural networks and fluid mechanics. He studied closed ecological life support systems. He literally cured one of his horses of cancer by distilling alkaloids from periwinkles. And in his spare time, he liked to do cross-country horseback riding. He was simply bigger than life. John Wayne’s build and presence, Garrison Keillor’s voice, Hephaestus’s mind and soul.
Simulated Distillation Experiment - News
My second publication and PhD dissertation described our work together and involved changes in lymphocyte populations after flight as well as simulated launch and landing loads. By the time I was done at BioServe, I had participated in eight shuttle
Kinetic Modeling Approaches Part 1 (Petroleum Refining)
Various approaches to kinetic modeling of reactions that take place in the petroleum refining industry have been reported in the literature. On the one hand, kinetic studies considering each compound and all the possible reactions are complex due to the huge number of hydrocarbons involved. However, they permit a mechanistic description based on detailed knowledge of the mechanism of the various reactions. Most of the time, applying this method to reactions with real feeds is difficult because of analytical complexity and computational limitations. The situation is clear: The more compounds a model includes intrinsically, the more kinetic parameters that need to be estimated; and consequently, the more experimental information that is required. On the other hand, the problem can be simplified to consider the partition of the species into a few equivalent classes, called -umps or the -umping technique, and then assume that each class is an independent entity (Wei and Kuo, 1969). These two approaches are very well known as being the two extreme cases for kinetic modeling of complex mixtures. The second approach is most used nowadays due to its simplicity. There are other models that can be considered as a combination of these two methods; of course, their complexity is based on the experimental information available.
In the following sections , a detailed description of the approaches to kinetic modeling of petroleum refining reactions is reported. Hydrocracking has been chosen as a base for discussing the various kinetic models. The particular kinetics of other reactions, such as hydrotreating, reforming, and catalytic cracking, is described with more detail in subsequent topics. For better organization of this section, the kinetic model approaches have been classified as (1) models based on the lumping technique, (2) models based on continuous mixtures, and (3) structure-oriented lumping and single-event models.
Traditional LumpingModels Based on Fractions with a Wide Distillation Range The kinetics of hydrocracking of gas oil was studied by Qader and Hill (1969) in a continuous fixed – bed tubular flow reactor. These authors found that the rate of hydro-cracking is of first order with respect to feed concentration, with an activation energy of 21.1 kcal/mol. The kinetic data were obtained at 10.34 MPa pressure, 400 to 500°C temperature, 0.5 to 3.0h- space velocity, and a constant H-/oil ratio of 500 standard m3/m3. The liquid product was distilled into gasoline (IBP to 200°C), middle distillate (200 to 300°C), and diesel (300°C+). This seems to be the first experimental study in which kinetics of hydrocracking of real feed was reported.
Simulated Distillation Experiment - Bookshelf
Oil shale technology
A Hewlett-Packard model 5890 gas chromatograph connected to a Hewlett-Packard model 3390- A integrator was used for the simulated distillation experiments. ...Distillation and absorption '92
In experiments to simulate distillation the liquid was in forward flow over most of the tray. The water cooling experiment was used to show the effect of ...Industrial & engineering chemistry research
Reactive distillation experiment no. 7 in pilot scale with Katapak-S 500. ... In Table 1 the experimental and simulated 1 -hexanol conversion is compared ...Encyclopedia of chromatography
Temperature programming for all of the experiments shown was at 70°C/min, ... Simulated Distillation By conducting a calibration curve based on the boiling ...Blue Water Navy Vietnam Veterans and Agent Orange Exposure
The operation is often called Rayleigh or batch distillation. Simulating the NRCET Study The batch distillation experiment was simulated by solving physical ...Information Terminal Directory
Simulated Distillation of Fractions of Petroleum Distillates ...
Starting from cuts made by molecular distillation simulated ... The simulated distillation has the basic principle fact that the components of the sample ...
Extended Simulated Distillation by Capillary Supercritical ...
Abstract — Extended Simulated Distillation by Capillary Supercritical Fluid ... Simulated distillation (simdist) based on separation using gas ...
On Magic State Distillation using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
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AC 2008-2205: SIMULATION-BASED LEARNING OF DISTILLATION ...
Simulation-Based Learning of Distillation Principles in Historical Context: ... As a distillation experiment proceeds, students observe continuously changing compositions of ...
Modelling & Simulation of Binary Distillation Column
"MODELLING & SIMULATION OF BINARY DISTILLATION COLUMN" CONTE NTS ... Question about a system without having to experiment on the actual system itself (and hence in our the costs ...